PBDB Collection

Fisher/Sullivan Site (Eocene of the United States)

Where: Stafford County, Virginia (38.3° N, 77.4° W: paleocoordinates 38.8° N, 61.0° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Potapaco Member (Nanjemoy Formation), Wasatchian (55.8 - 50.3 Ma)

• zone 11 of Bed B of the Potapaco Member and is assigned to the calcareous nannofossil zone NP 11; estimated age of 53.6 to 52.8 million years

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marine; lithology not reported

• shallow marine environment

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: K. D. Rose. 1999. Part 7. Fossil Mammals from the Early Eocene Fisher/Sullivan Site. Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Publication 152:133-138 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Shalap]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 15595: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 15.05.2002, edited by Mark Uhen, Margaret Shalap, Philip Mannion and Grace Varnham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Premontria degremonti² Premontria degremonti²
Chondrichthyes
Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae	Hexanchus sp.² Hexanchus sp.² Rafinesque 1810 sixgill shark
Heterodontiformes - Heterodontidae	Heterodontus lerichei² Heterodontus lerichei² Casier 1943 bullhead shark
Squatiniformes - Squatinidae	Squatina prima² Squatina prima² Winkler 1874 angel shark
Echinorhiniformes - Echinorhinidae	Echinorhinus priscus² Echinorhinus priscus² shark
Squaliformes - Squalidae	Squalus crenatidens² Squalus crenatidens² Arambourg 1952 dogfish shark
Squaliformes - Dalatiidae	Isistius trituratus² Isistius trituratus² Winkler 1874 shark
Lamniformes - Odontaspididae	Palaeohypotodus ratoti², Odontaspis winkleri² Palaeohypotodus ratoti² sand tiger shark Odontaspis winkleri² Leriche 1905 sand tiger shark
Lamniformes - Mitsukurinidae	Anomotodon novus², Striatolamia macrota² Anomotodon novus² goblin shark Striatolamia macrota² Agassiz 1838 goblin shark
Lamniformes - Serratolamnidae	Serratolamna aschersoni², Serratolamna lerichei² Serratolamna aschersoni² mackerel shark Serratolamna lerichei² mackerel shark
Lamniformes - Carchariidae	Carcharias teretidens², Carcharias hopei² Carcharias teretidens² sand shark Carcharias hopei² Agassiz 1843 sand shark
Lamniformes - Otodontidae	Otodus obliquus², "Cretolamna appendiculata" = Cretalamna appendiculata² Otodus obliquus² Agassiz 1838 mackerel shark "Cretolamna appendiculata" = Cretalamna appendiculata² Agassiz 1835 mackerel shark
Carcharhiniformes - Scyliorhinidae	"Scyliorhinus gilberti" = Premontreia (Oxyscyllium) gilberti², Abdounia recticona², Abdounia beaugei², Abdounia minutissima² "Scyliorhinus gilberti" = Premontreia (Oxyscyllium) gilberti² Casier 1946 cat shark Abdounia recticona² cat shark Abdounia beaugei² Arambourg 1935 cat shark Abdounia minutissima² Winkler 1874 cat shark
Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae	Physogaleus secundas² Physogaleus secundas² requiem shark
Carcharhiniformes - Triakidae	Galeorhinus ypresiensis², Triakis wardi², Pachygaleus lefevrei², Palaeogaleus vincenti² Galeorhinus ypresiensis² Casier 1946 school shark Triakis wardi² hound shark Pachygaleus lefevrei² Daimeries 1891 hound shark Palaeogaleus vincenti² Daimeries 1889 hound shark
Orectolobiformes - Ginglymostomatidae	Ginglymostoma africanam², Ginglymostoma subafricanum², Nebrius thielensis², "Ginglymostoma serra" = Nebrius serra² Ginglymostoma africanam² nurse shark Ginglymostoma subafricanum² Arambourg 1952 nurse shark Nebrius thielensis² Winkler 1874 nurse shark "Ginglymostoma serra" = Nebrius serra² Leidy 1877 nurse shark
Orectolobiformes - Rhinocodontidae	Palaeorhincodon wardi² Palaeorhincodon wardi² carpet shark
Orectolobiformes - Orectolobidae	Orectolobidae indet.² Orectolobidae indet.² Jordan and Fowler 1903 wobbegong
Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae	Anoxypristis macrodens³, Anoxypristis sp.³, Propristis schweinfurthi³, Pristis luthami³ Anoxypristis macrodens³ sawfish Anoxypristis sp.³ White and Moy-Thomas 1941 sawfish Propristis schweinfurthi³ Priem 1897 sawfish Pristis luthami³ sawfish
Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae	"Rhinobatos bruxelliensis" = Rhinobatus bruxelliensis³ "Rhinobatos bruxelliensis" = Rhinobatus bruxelliensis³ Jaekel 1894 guitarfish
Myliobatiformes -	Hypolophodon sylvestris³, Coupatezia woatersi³, Heterotorpedo fowleri³ Hypolophodon sylvestris³ White 1931 stingray Coupatezia woatersi³ stingray Heterotorpedo fowleri³ Ward 1983 stingray
Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae	"Jacquhermania duponti" = Dasyatis duponti³ "Jacquhermania duponti" = Dasyatis duponti³ Winkler 1874 whiptail stingray
Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae	Burnhamia daviesi³, Archaeomanta melenhorsti³, Rhinoptera sherboni³, Myliobatis latidens³, Aetomylaeus sp.³, "Myliobatis dixoni" = Aetomylaeus dixoni³, "Myliobatis striatus" = Aetomylaeus striatus³, Meridiania conyexa³ Burnhamia daviesi³ Woodward 1889 eagle ray Archaeomanta melenhorsti³ Herman 1979 eagle ray Rhinoptera sherboni³ White 1926 cownose ray Myliobatis latidens³ Woodward 1888 eagle ray Aetomylaeus sp.³ Garman 1908 eagle ray "Myliobatis dixoni" = Aetomylaeus dixoni³ Agassiz 1843 eagle ray "Myliobatis striatus" = Aetomylaeus striatus³ Agassiz 1843 eagle ray Meridiania conyexa³ eagle ray
Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae	Aetobatus irregularis³ Aetobatus irregularis³ Agassiz 1843 stingray
Osteichthyes
Acipenseriformes -	Cylindracanthus rectus¹¹ Cylindracanthus rectus¹¹ Agassiz 1843 ray-finned fish
Acipenseriformes - Acipenseridae	Acipenser sp.¹¹ Acipenser sp.¹¹ Linnaeus 1758 sturgeon
Mammalia
-	Mammalia indet.⁸ Mammalia indet.⁸ Linnaeus 1758 mammal
Cimolesta - Esthonychidae	cf. Esthonyx sp. cf. Esthonyx sp. Cope 1874 tillodont
Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae	cf. Hyopsodus sp. cf. Hyopsodus sp. Leidy 1870 condylarth
Theriamorpha - Nyctitheriidae	Nyctitheriidae indet. Nyctitheriidae indet. Simpson 1928 placental
Theriamorpha - Pantolestoidae	cf. Palaeosinopa sp. cf. Palaeosinopa sp. Matthew 1901 placental
Carnivora - Miacidae	Miacidae indet. Miacidae indet. Cope 1880 carnivoran
Perissodactyla -	aff. Homogalax sp. aff. Homogalax sp. Hay 1899 odd-toed ungulate
Rodentia - Ischyromyidae	? Ischyromyidae indet. ? Ischyromyidae indet. Alston 1876 rodent
Primates - Omomyidae	Omomyidae indet.⁹ Omomyidae indet.⁹ Gazin 1958 tarsier
Theriamorpha - Peradectidae	Peradectes guottai n. sp.⁸ Peradectes guottai n. sp.⁸ marsupial
Reptilia
Testudines - Pantrionychidae	cf. Trionyx pennatus¹⁰ cf. Trionyx pennatus¹⁰ Cope 1869 turtle
Testudines - Cheloniidae	? Dollochelys sp.¹⁰, Puppigerus camperi¹⁰ ? Dollochelys sp.¹⁰ Zangerl 1971 sea turtle toxochelyid Puppigerus camperi¹⁰ Gray 1831 sea turtle cheloniid
Testudines - Dermochelyidae	cf. Eosphargis gigas¹⁰ cf. Eosphargis gigas¹⁰ Owen 1880 leatherback dermochelyid
Crocodylia -	Crocodylia indet.⁷ Crocodylia indet.⁷ Owen 1842 crocodilian
Crocodylia - Gavialidae	Thoracosaurus neocesariensis¹⁰, Eosuchus lerichei¹⁰ Thoracosaurus neocesariensis¹⁰ De Kay 1842 crocodilian Eosuchus lerichei¹⁰ Dollo 1907 crocodilian
Aves
Aves -	Aves "gen. et sp. indet. B"⁴, Aves "gen. et sp. indet. C"⁴, Aves "gen. et sp. indet. D"⁴, Aves "gen. et sp. indet. E"⁴, Aves "gen. et sp. indet."⁵ Aves "gen. et sp. indet. B"⁴ Linnaeus 1758 bird SMF Av 633; also listed as cf. Microena Aves "gen. et sp. indet. C"⁴ Linnaeus 1758 bird SMF Av 634; also listed as cf. Morsoravis Aves "gen. et sp. indet. D"⁴ Linnaeus 1758 bird SMF Av 637 Aves "gen. et sp. indet. E"⁴ Linnaeus 1758 bird SMF Av 638-642; also listed as cf. Threskiornithidae Aves "gen. et sp. indet."⁵ Linnaeus 1758 bird USNM PAL 771593; USNM PAL 771608; USNM PAL 771601; USNM PAL 771604
-	Aves "gen. et sp. indet. A"⁴ Aves "gen. et sp. indet. A"⁴ Linnaeus 1758 bird Crane-sized
Galliformes - Phasianidae	cf. Coturnipes cooperi⁶ cf. Coturnipes cooperi⁶ Harrison and Walker 1977 pheasant Mayr (2016): "may be conspecific with the putative procellariiform reported in the present study"
Odontopterygiformes - Pelagornithidae	"? Odontopteryx sp." = Dasornis⁶ "? Odontopteryx sp." = Dasornis⁶ Owen 1870 bird
- Psittacopedidae	cf. Pumiliornis sp.⁵ cf. Pumiliornis sp.⁵ Mayr 1999 bird USNM PAL 771594; USNM PAL 771592
Charadriiformes -	Charadriiformes indet.⁴ Charadriiformes indet.⁴ shorebird SMF Av 619; USNM PAL 771602; USNM PAL 771603; USNM PAL 771607
Charadriiformes - Graculavidae	? Graculavidae indet.⁶ ? Graculavidae indet.⁶ Fürbringer 1888 shorebird Two occurrences - one "may be conspecific with putative threskiornithid reported herein" (Mayr 2016)
Charadriiformes -	Scolopaci indet.⁶ Scolopaci indet.⁶ Strauch 1978 shorebird "tarsometatarsus is likely to be from a messelornithid, whereas humerus may be from a procellariiform bird" (Mayr 2016)
Gruiformes - Messelornithidae	cf. Messelornis sp.⁴ cf. Messelornis sp.⁴ Hesse 1988 bird SMF Av 620-622
Strigiformes - Protostrigidae	Eostrix gulottai n. sp.⁴ Eostrix gulottai n. sp.⁴ Mayr 2016 owl SMF Av 627 - type (distal end of right tarsometatarsus)
Apodiformes - Eocypselidae	cf. Eocypselidae indet.⁴ cf. Eocypselidae indet.⁴ Harrison 1984 swift SMF Av 624
Neornithes -	? Trogoniformes indet.⁴ ? Trogoniformes indet.⁴ Wetmore and Miller 1926 trogon SMF Av 623
Coraciiformes -	Parvicuculus sp.⁵ Parvicuculus sp.⁵ Harrison and Walker 1977 bird USNM PAL 496384
Neornithes - Zygodactylidae	Zygodactylidae indet.⁵ Zygodactylidae indet.⁵ Brodkorb 1971 bird USNM PAL 771590
Psittaciformes - Messelasturidae	Messelasturidae "gen. et sp. indet. A"⁵, Messelasturidae "gen. et sp. indet. B"⁵ Messelasturidae "gen. et sp. indet. A"⁵ Mayr 2005 parrot Messelasturidae "gen. et sp. indet. B"⁵ Mayr 2005 parrot
Psittaciformes - Halcyornithidae	cf. Halcyornithidae indet.¹, cf. Pulchrapollia sp.⁴ cf. Halcyornithidae indet.¹ Harrison and Walker 1972 parrot USNM PAL 706444 cf. Pulchrapollia sp.⁴ Dyke and Cooper 2000 parrot SMF Av 628; tentatively referred specimens: SMF Av 629-631; USNM PAL 771600; USNM PAL 771599; USNM PAL 771605;
Caprimulgiformes - Steatornithidae	? Steatornithidae indet.⁶ ? Steatornithidae indet.⁶ Bonaparte 1842 oilbird
Caprimulgiformes - Caprimulgidae	? Caprimulgidae indet.⁶ ? Caprimulgidae indet.⁶ Vigors 1825 nightjar Two occurrences
Neornithes -	? Procellariiformes indet.⁴ ? Procellariiformes indet.⁴ bird SMF Av 617
Suliformes - Fregatidae	cf. Limnofregata sp.⁴ cf. Limnofregata sp.⁴ Olson 1977 frigatebird SMF Av 618
Phoenicopteriformes - Phoenicopteridae	? Phoenicopteridae indet.⁶ ? Phoenicopteridae indet.⁶ Bonaparte 1838 flamingo
Reptilia
Squamata - Anguidae	Parophisaurus mccloskeyi n. sp.¹⁰ Parophisaurus mccloskeyi n. sp.¹⁰ Weems 1999 squamates anguid
Squamata - Palaeophiidae	Palaeophis toliapicus¹⁰, Palaeophis virginianus¹⁰, Palaeophis casei¹⁰ Palaeophis toliapicus¹⁰ Owen 1841 snake palaeophid Palaeophis virginianus¹⁰ Lynn 1934 snake Palaeophis casei¹⁰ Holman 1982 snake
Actinopteri
Pycnodontiformes - Pycnodontidae	Pycnodus sp.¹¹ Pycnodus sp.¹¹ Agassiz 1833
Amiiformes - Amiidae	Amia sp.¹¹ Amia sp.¹¹ Linnaeus 1766 bowfin
Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae	Lepisosteus sp.¹¹ Lepisosteus sp.¹¹ Agassiz 1843 gar
Acanthopteri - Sphyraenidae	Sphyraena bognorensis¹¹ Sphyraena bognorensis¹¹ Casier 1966 barracuda
Siluriformes - Ariidae	? Arius sp.¹¹ ? Arius sp.¹¹ Cuvier and Valenciennes 1840 Ariid catfish
Tetraodontiformes - Ostraciidae	Ostraciidae indet.¹¹ Ostraciidae indet.¹¹
Spariformes - Sparidae	cf. Sciaenurus bowerbanki¹¹ cf. Sciaenurus bowerbanki¹¹ Agassiz 1845
Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae	Fisherichthys folmeri n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Fisherichthys folmeri n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Weems 1999
Acanthomorphata - Percichthyidae	Cyclopoma folmeri n. sp.¹¹ Cyclopoma folmeri n. sp.¹¹ Weems 1999
Teleostei -	? Perciformes indet.¹¹ ? Perciformes indet.¹¹ Bleeker 1859 perch-like fish Nine occurrences
Perciformes - Serranidae	Prolates dormaalensis¹¹ Prolates dormaalensis¹¹ Casier 1967 perch-like fish
Carangiformes - Carangidae	Teratichthys antiquitatus¹¹ Teratichthys antiquitatus¹¹ Konig 1825
Scombriformes - Trichiuridae	Trichiurides sagittidens¹¹ Trichiurides sagittidens¹¹ Winkler 1874
Scombriformes - Scombridae	Acanthocybium proosti¹¹, Sarda delheidi¹¹, Scombrinus sp.¹¹, Scomberomorus sp.¹¹, Scomberomorus bleekeri¹¹ Acanthocybium proosti¹¹ Storms 1897 Sarda delheidi¹¹ Leriche 1905 Scombrinus sp.¹¹ Woodward 1901 Scomberomorus sp.¹¹ Lacépède 1802 Scomberomorus bleekeri¹¹ Storms 1892
Scombriformes - Palaeorhynchidae	Aglyptorhynchus veneblesi¹¹ Aglyptorhynchus veneblesi¹¹ Casier 1966
Scombriformes - Pomatomidae	Sullivanichthys mccloskeyi n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Sullivanichthys mccloskeyi n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Weems 1999
Osteoglossiformes - Osteoglossidae	Brychaetus muelleri¹¹ Brychaetus muelleri¹¹ Woodward 1901 arowana
Elopiformes - Phyllodontidae	Phyllodus toliapicus¹¹, Paralbula marylandica¹¹, Egertonia isodonta¹¹ Phyllodus toliapicus¹¹ Agassiz 1839 Paralbula marylandica¹¹ Blake 1940 Egertonia isodonta¹¹ Cocchi 1866
Elopiformes - Megalopidae	Megalopidae indet.¹¹ Megalopidae indet.¹¹ Jordan 1923
Anguilliformes - Congridae	Voltaconger latispinus¹¹, cf. Bolcyrus formosissimus¹¹ Voltaconger latispinus¹¹ Agassiz 1835 conger eel cf. Bolcyrus formosissimus¹¹ Eastman 1905 conger eel
Albuliformes - Albulidae	Albula oweni¹¹, Albula eppsi¹¹ Albula oweni¹¹ Agassiz 1844 bonefish Albula eppsi¹¹ White and Frost 1931 bonefish

¹Carpenter and Parris 2020; ²Kent 1999; ³Kent 1999; ⁴Mayr 2016; ⁵Mayr et al. 2021; ⁶Olson 1999; ⁷Rio et al. 2020; ⁸Rose 2010; ⁹Rose et al. 2021; ¹⁰Weems 1999; ¹¹Weems 1999